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Irene M. A. Kretchy, PhD

Address:          Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra.

Email:                          ikretchy@ug.edu.gh@ug.edu.gh 

ORCID:                      http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-5937

Scopus ID:                  https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=55883552300

PubMed:                     https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=Kretchy+i

Research Gate:             https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Irene_Kretchy

Google Scholar:          https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ESPeascAAAAJ&hl=en

Biography 

Irene Kretchy is a Professor of Social and Behavioural Pharmacy (Pharmacy Practice) at the Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Ghana, and a Fellow of the Ghana College of Pharmacists. Prof. Kretchy has a Bachelor of Pharmacy Degree, a Master of Philosophy in Psychology and a Doctorate Degree in Social Pharmacy. She handles Social & Behavioural Pharmacy and Mental Health courses in the School of Pharmacy and the Department of Psychology. She has served as Head of the Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Vice Dean of the School of Graduate Studies, and currently as Dean of the School of Pharmacy.

Research area

Social and behavioural aspects of health with specific research interests in psychosocial approaches to medication use and other treatments for infectious (HIV, malaria) and non-communicable diseases (hypertension, diabetes and mental illness), as well as medication utilisation based on gender dynamics and women’s health. Her research activities have also focused on factors in response to healthcare utilisation, understanding and optimising health-related behaviours and the perceptions and experiences of patients, caregivers and policymakers.

Research activities

  1. Multimorbidity, Pill burden and Medication Adherence among the Ghanaian Population and Implications for Healthy Aging
  2. Understanding Medication Adherence and Medication-Related Behaviours from Perspectives of Patients and Caregivers
  3. Gender Responsive Malaria Advocacy
  4. Enhancing actionable strategies for integrating gender and equity in antimicrobial resistance
  5. Malaria Case Management and Surveillance in Community Pharmacies
  6. Contextual Awareness, Response and Evaluation of Diabetes in Ghana
  7. Improving Equitable Access to Essential Medicines in Ghana through Bridging the Gaps in Implementing Medicines Pricing Policy Prospective Study of Peripheral Vascular Diseases and Neuropsychological Functioning Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
  8. Economic and psychological burden of caregiving for patients with schizophrenia
  9. Stigma, Violence Experience and Mental Wellbeing among COVID-19 Survivors in Ghana
  10. Preventing Suicide in Ghana: Risk and Protective Factors among University Students with Policy Implications

Publications

  1. Atobrah D, Kwansa BK, Okyere-Asante PG, Kyere A, Badasu DM, Kretchy IA (2025). Conceptualization of gender in published malaria and gender research: a systematic descriptive review. International Journal for Equity in Health. 24(1):211.
  2. Gray E, SB, Blandford A,  Amon S, Antwi P,  Asah-Ayeh V, Awuah RB, Baatiema L, Kushitor SB,  Haghparast-Bidgoli H, Jennings H, Kretchy IA, Strachan D, Vaughan M, Fottrell E (2025). Beyond individual barriers and facilitators: Digital interventions to address diabetes in urban Ghana. Digital Health https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251349705
  3. Kushitor SB, Okoibhole LO, Vaughan M, Gbewonyo KA, Kretchy IA, Sanuade OA, Baatiema L, Amon S, Sedzro KM, Kushitor MK, Dankyi EK, Strachan D, Marphatia AA, Rougeaux AA, Blandford A, Antwi P, Jennings H, Asah-Ayeh V, Awuah RB, Fottrell E, Grijalva-Eternod CS (2025). Changes in food quality and habits in urban Ghana: evidence from a mixed-methods study. BMC Public Health 25:2556 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23751-8
  4. Haeuser E, Byrne S, Nguyen J, Raggi C, McLaughlin SA, Bisignano C,….Kretchy IA, Global Burden of Diseases 2023 Vaccine Coverage Collaborators (2025). Global, regional, and national trends in routine childhood vaccination coverage from 1980 to 2023 with forecasts to 2030: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01037-2
  5. Awuah RB, Antwi P, Sanuade OA, Kushitor SB, Marphatia AA, Kretchy IA, Amon S, Blandford A, Vaughan M, Baatiema L, Fottrell E, Jennings HM (2025). Perceptions and knowledge of diabetes in poor urban communities in Accra, Ghana. Global Public Health, 20 (1). https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2025.2516700
  6. Kwakye AO, Larry-Afutu JA, Kretchy IA (2025). Key drivers of medication adherence in patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus and depression: a scoping review. https://doi.org/10.1002/jppr.70016
  7. Kretchy IA, Sunkwa-Mills G, Antwi MA, Alor SK, Squire A, Afful GA, Rinke de Wit TF, Opuni KFM (2025). Stakeholders’ perspectives and experiences with the quality of essential medicines in primary healthcare facilities in Ghana: a qualitative study. Discover Public Health 22 (196). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00571-0
  8. Christian AK, Owu R, Kretchy IA (2025). Household food insecurity, sociodemographic and lifestyle risk factors associated with high blood pressure among women in farming communities in Ghana. BMC Women’s Health, 25 (181), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03713-3
  9. Kwakye AO, Oppong MB, Kretchy IA (2025). Pharmacist interventions to improve medication adherence in patients with co-morbid hypertension and diabetes: A scoping review and bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 33 (2): 134-145. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riaf021
  10. Kwansa BK, Atobrah D, Anaba EA, Kyere A, Kretchy IA (2025). Sex of household head and trends in uptake of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine intermittent preventive treatment for malaria during pregnancy: insights from secondary data in sub-Saharan Africa, Discover Social Science and Health, 5, 43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44155-025-00184-7
  11. Adjaye-Gbewonyo K*, Kretchy IA*, Baatiema L, Grijalva-Eternod C, Sanuade OA, Amon S, Haghparast-Bidgoli H, Awuah RB, Lule S, Mensah S, Kushitor SB, Kushitor MK, Arhinful D, Fottrell E  (2025). Non-communicable diseases, psychosocial wellbeing, and quality of life in Ga Mashie, Accra, Ghana: analysis from a community-based cross-sectional study, BMC Public Health, 25, 1059 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22227-z
  12. Sanuade OA, Okoibhole LO, Dankyi EK, Strachan D, Baatiema L, Kushitor SB, Awuah RB, Kushitor MK, Amon S, Kretchy IA, Arhinful D, Fottrell E,  Vaughan M (2025). Three Lessons on diabetes for global health professionals, researchers and policy-makers from the people of Ga Mashie. Frontiers in Nutrition, 12:1534450. https://doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1534450
  13. Ng M, Gakidou E, Lo J,….Kretchy IA, Global Burden of Diseases 2021 Adult BMI Collaborators (2025). Global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity, 1990-2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.The Lancet, 405 (10481): 813-838
  14. Kerr JA, Patton GC, Cini KI,….Kretchy IA, Global Burden of Diseases 2021 Adolescent BMI Collaborators (2025). Global, regional, and national prevalence of child and adolescent overweight and obesity, 1990-2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.The Lancet, 405 (10481): 785-812
  15. Kretchy IA,  Atobrah D, Adumbire D, Ankamah S, Adanu T, Badasu DM, Kwansa BK (2025). Enhancing the uptake of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy: a scoping review of interventions and gender-informed approaches. Malaria Journal, 24: 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-025-05275-z
  16. Kwakye AO, Hutton-Nyameaye AA, Cobbold CC, Boachie-Ansah P, Kretchy IA (2025). A scoping review of interventions to optimize medication adherence in hypertension comorbidity. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 21(12): 215-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2025.01.008
  17. Adjei-Mensah E, Alhassan Y, Owusu R, Kretchy IA (2025). Determinants of antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV in a poor urban setting in Ghana: a hospital-based cross-sectional study, Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 119(2) : 135-144, https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trae09.
  18. Opuni KF, Sunkwa-Mills G, Antwi MA, Squire A, Afful GA, Rinke de Wit TF, Kretchy IA (2024). Quality assessment of medicines in selected resource-limited primary healthcare facilities using low- to medium-cost field testing digital technologies. Digital Health. 2024;10. doi:10.1177/20552076241299064
  19. Baatiema L, Sanuade OA, Kretchy IA, Okoibhole L, Kushitor SB, Haghparast-Bidgoli H, Awuah R, Amon S, Mensah SK, Grijalva-Eternod CS, Adjaye-Gbewonyo K, Antwi P, Jennings HM, Arhinful DK, Aikins M, Koram K, Blandford A, Fottrell E (2024). Implementation of national policies and interventions (WHO Best Buys) for non-communicable disease prevention and control in Ghana: a mixed methods analysis. Health Research Policy and Systems 22, 154. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-024-01242-3
  20. Boima V, Yorke E, Ganu V, Twumasi L, Ekem-Ferguson G, Dey D, Kretchy IA, Agyabeng K, Mate-Kole CC (2024). Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Clinical and Psychological Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ghana: A Secondary Analysis of a Cross‐Sectional Study. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2024(1), 9286774 https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9286774
  21. Alor SK, Kretchy IA, Glozah FN, Adongo PB (2024). Community beliefs and practices about diabetes and their implications for the prevention and management of diabetes in Southeast Ghana. BMC Public Health 24, 3071. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20589-4
  22. Yorke E, Bioma V, Ganu V, Twumazi L, Gyaban-Mensah A, Agyabeng K, Kretchy IA, Mate-Kole CC (2024). Personal and Psychological Predictors of Glycemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at a Tertiary Care Center in Ghana. Current Medical Issues, 22(4): 222-230, 10.4103/cmi.cmi_72_24
  23. Amon S, Aikins M, Haghparast-Bidgoli H, Kretchy IA, Arhinful DK, Baatiema L, Awuah RB, Asah-Ayeh V, Sanuade OA, Kushitor SB, Mensah SK, Kushitor MK, Grijalva-Eternod C, Blandford A, Jennings H, Koram K, Antwi P, Gray E  Fottrell E (2024). Household economic burden of type-2 diabetes and hypertension comorbidity care in urban-poor Ghana: a mixed methods study. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1):1-4.
  24. Appiah B, Saaka M, Appiah G, Asamoah-Akuoko L, Samman E, Forastiere L, Abu BA, Yeboah-Banin AA, Kretchy IA, Ntiful FD, Nsiah-Asamoah CN, Ahmed MK, France CR (2024). The association between exposure to a radio campaign on nutrition and mothers' nutrition- and health-related attitudes and minimal acceptable diet of children 6-36 months old: a quasi-experimental trial. Public Health Nutrition, 27(1):e232. doi: 10.1017/S1368980024001319. PMID: 39569901.
  25. Baatiema L, Strachan DL, Okoibhole LO, Kretchy IA, Kushitor M, Awuah RB, Sanuade OA, Korleki Danyki E, Amon S, Adjaye-Gbewonyo K, Yacobi H, Vaughan M, Blandford A, Antwi P, Jennings HM, Arhinful DK, Aikins A, Fottrell E, The Care Diabetes Team (2024). Contextual awareness, response and evaluation (CARE) of diabetes in poor urban communities in Ghana: the CARE diabetes project qualitative study protocol. Global Health Action. 17(1):2364498.
  26. Asante-Offei A, Mohammed AG, Sumaila I, Ghunney W, Duah D, Kretchy IA, Druye AA, Olayemi E, Bonful HA (2024). Changes in Haematological and Clinical Parameters in Sickle Cell Disease Patients on Hydroxyurea: A Before and After Non-Experimental Retrospective Study. Journal of Advocacy, Research and Education, 11(1): 148-156. https://doi.org/10.13187/jare.2024.1.148
  27. Allotey-Babington GL, Kretchy IA, Asiedu EA, Amuakwa MK, Seaneke OA, Ankrah D, Somuah AK, Dei Owusu-Nyamekye A, Owusu-Ansah S, Effah PK, Debrah J (2024). Prevalence, Scope and Quality of Extemporaneous Medications in Selected Healthcare Facilities and Implications for Pharmacy Practice. Innovations in Pharmacy, 15(1).
  28. Koompah D, Teye-Kwadjo E, Kretchy IA (2024). Problem Gambling and Suicidal Behaviours in Young Adult Men in Ghana: A Moderated Mediation Model of Psychological Distress and Social Support. Journal of Gambling Studies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-024-10305-7
  29. Kwakye AO, Kretchy IA, Peprah P, Mensah KB (2024). Factors influencing medication adherence in co-morbid hypertension and diabetes patients: A scoping review. Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, 100426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100426
  30. Alor SK, Glozah FN, Kretchy IA, Adongo PB (2024). Assessing health-related Quality of life and clinical outcomes of patients with diabetes accessing healthcare in two public hospitals in south-eastern, Ghana: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Quality of Life Research, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-023-03589-6.
  31. Kwakye AO, Kretchy IA,  Oppong KG (2024). Polypharmacy and its associated factors among patients with co-morbid hypertension and diabetes in a Municipal Hospital in Ghana. Scientific African, 23, e02028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2023.e02028
  32. Baah-Nyarkoh E, Alhassan Y, Dwomoh AK, Kretchy IA (2023). Medicated-related burden and adherence in patients with co-morbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Heliyon 9(4): e15448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15448
  33. Peprah P, Asare BY, Okwei R, Agyeman-Duah W, Osafo J, Kretchy IA, Gyasi RM (2023). A moderated mediation analysis of the association between smoking and suicide attempts among adolescents in 28 countries. Scientific Reports 13, 5755 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32610-8
  34. Peprah P, Asare BY, Nyadanu SD, Asare-Doku W, Adu C, Peprah J, Osafo J, Kretchy IA, Gyasi RM (2023). Bullying Victimization and Suicidal Behavior among adolescents in 28 Countries and Territories: A Moderated Mediation Model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.01.029
  35. Boima V, Yorke E, Ganu V, Gyaban-Mensah A, Ekem-Ferguson G, Kretchy IA, Mate-Kole CC (2023). Coping strategies and resilience among patients with hypertension in Ghana. Frontiers in Psychology 13:1038346. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1038346
  36. Nortey RA, Kretchy IA, Koduah A, Buabeng KO (2023). Biopsychosocial analysis of antibiotic use for the prevention or management of COVID-19 infections: A scoping review. Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy, 19(4) pp. 573–581 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2022.11.011
  37. Nanteer-Oteng E, Kretchy IA, Nanteer DO, Kretchy JP, Osafo J (2022). Hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccination: The role of personality traits, anti-vaccine attitudes and illness perception. PLOS Global Public Health, 2(12): e0001435 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001435
  38. Quao NSA, Kretchy IA (2022). Factors Associated with Health Care Seeking Behaviour: A cross-sectional study at an emergency department in a teaching hospital African Journal of Health Sciences, 2022 35(6): 768-782. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajhs.v35i6.11
  39. Koduah A, Baatiema L, Cronin de Chavez A, Danso-Appiah A, Kretchy IA, Agyepong I, King N, Ensor T, Mirzoev T (2022). Implementation of medicines pricing policies in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 11:257. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-022-02114-z  
  40. Kretchy IA, Okoibhole LO, Sanuade OA, Jennings H, Strachan D, Blandford A, Agyei F, Asante P, Todowede O, Kushitor M, Adjaye-Gbewonyo K, Arhinful D, Baatiema L, Dankyi E, Grijalva-Eternod CS, Fottrell EF, de-Graft Aikins A (2022) Scoping review of community health participatory research projects in Ghana, Global Health Action, 15:1, 2122304, doi: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2122304
  41. Adjorlolo S, Adjorlolo P, Andoh-Arthur J, Ahiable EK, Kretchy IA, Osafo J (2022). Post-Traumatic Growth and Resilience among Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors: A Gendered Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:10014. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph191610014
  42. Kretchy IA (2022). Psychological Distress among Healthcare Professionals during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic. Health Sciences Investigative Journal. 3(1): 283-284. https://doi.org/10.46829/hsijournal.2022.6.3.1.283-284
  43. Koduah A, Baatiema L, Kretchy IA, Agyepong I, Danso-Appiah A, Cronin de Chavez A,  Ensor T,      Mirzoev T (2022). Powers, engagements and resultant influences over design and implementation of medicine pricing policies in Ghana: results from a stakeholder analysis. BMJ Global Health. 7(5): e008225. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008225
  44. Boima V, Yeboah AK, Kretchy IA, Koduah A, Agyabeng K, Yorke E (2022). Health-related quality of life and its demographic, clinical and psychosocial determinants among male patients with hypertension in a Ghanaian tertiary hospital. Ghana Medical Journal. 56(1):5-14. https://doi: 10.4314/gmj.v56i1.2
  45. Alhassan Y, Kwakye AO, Dwomoh AK, Baah-Nyarkoh E, Ganu VJ, Appiah B, Kretchy IA (2022). Determinants of blood pressure and blood glucose control in patients with co-morbid hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ghana: A hospital-based cross-sectional study. PLOS Global Public Health 2(12): e0001342. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001342
  46. Amponsah SK, Odamtten G, Adams A, Kretchy IA (2022). A comparative analysis of pattern and attitude towards self-medication among pharmacy and non-pharmacy students in University of Ghana. Pan African Medical Journal. 41:254. https://doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.254.31013
  47. Appiah B, Asamoah-Akuoko L, Samman E, Koduah A, Kretchy IA, Ludu JY, Odonkor G, Nam SH, Gyansa-Luterrodt M (2022). The impact of antimicrobial resistance awareness interventions involving schoolchildren, development of an animation and parents’ engagements: a pilot study. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control. 11: 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-022-01062-6  
  48. Kretchy IA, Boadu JA, Kretchy JP, Agyabeng K, Passah K, Koduah A, Opuni KFM (2021). Utilization of complementary and alternative medicine for the prevention of COVID-19 infection in Ghana: A national cross-sectional online survey. Preventive Medicine Reports,  24: 10163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101633
  49. Christian AK, Sanuade OA, Kushitor SB, Kushitor M, Kretchy IA, Agyemang C, de Graft Aikins (2021). Metabolic syndrome among individuals living with hypertension in Accra, Ghana. PLOS ONE, 16(10): e0253837. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253837
  50. Ocansey PME, Kretchy IA, Aryeetey GC, Agyabeng K,  Nonvignon J (2021). Anxiety, depression, and stress in caregivers of children and adolescents with mental disorders in Ghana and implications for medication adherence. Ghana Medical Journal, 55(3): 173-182. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v55i3.1
  51. Kretchy IA, Blewuada E, Debrah A (2021). A qualitative study exploring community pharmacists’ perspectives of child and adolescent mental healthcare. Scientific African, 13:e00969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00969
  52. Asiedu-Danso M, Kretchy IA, Sekyi JK, Koduah A (2021). Adherence to Antidiabetic Medications among Women with Gestational Diabetes. Journal of Diabetes Research, Vol 2021 ID 9941538, 9 pages. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9941538
  53. Kretchy IA, Appiah B, Agyabeng K, Kwarteng EM, Ganyaglo E, Aboagye GO (2021). Psychotropic medicine beliefs, side effects and adherence in schizophrenia: a patient–caregiver dyad perspective. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-021-01264-9
  54. Kretchy IA, Koduah A, Opuni KFM, Agyabeng K, Ohene-Agyei T, Boafo EA, Ntow PO (2021). Prevalence, patterns and beliefs about use of herbal medicinal products in Ghana: A multi‐center community‐based cross‐sectional study. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 26 (4): 410-420. https://doi.org/101111/tmi.13531
  55. Appiah B, Kretchy IA, Yoshikawa A, Asamoah-Akuoko L, France CR (2021). Perceptions of a mobile phone-based approach to promote medication adherence: A cross-sectional application of the technology acceptance model. Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, 1: 100005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcsop.2021.100005.
  56. Anakwa NO, Teye-Kwadjo E, Kretchy IA (2021). Illness perceptions, social support, and antiretroviral medication adherence in people living with HIV in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Nursing Open, 8: 2895-2604. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.797
  57. Mirzoev T, Koduah,  Cronin de Chavez A, Baatiema L, Danso-Appiah A, Ensor T, Agyepong I, Wright J, Kretchy IA, King N (2021). Implementation of medicines pricing policies in sub-Saharan Africa: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open, 11:e044293. https://doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044293
  58. Koduah A, Sekyi-Brown R, Nyoagbe JKN, Danquah DA, Kretchy IA (2021). Pharmacy premises licensing policy formulation: Experiences from Ghana. Health Research Policy and Systems, 19:16 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-021-00680-7
  59. Kretchy IA, Asiedu-Danso M, Kretchy JP (2021). Medication management and adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives and experiences from low-and middle-income countries. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 17 (1): 2023-2026 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.04.007. (Published online in April 2020)
  60. Dickson ED, Osafo J, Asampong E, Kretchy IA (2020). Clinical presentations and patterns of neuro-developmental disorders in a health facility in Ghana: Implications for the health and educational sectors. Health Sciences Investigations Journal, 1(2): 114-120. http://doi.org/10.46829/hsijournal.2020.12.1.2.114-120
  61. Koduah A, Kretchy IA, Sekyi-Brown R, Asiedu-Danso M, Ohene-Agyei T, Duwiejua M (2020). Education of Pharmacists in Ghana: Evolving Curriculum, Context and Practice in the Journey from Dispensing Certificate to Doctor of Pharmacy Certificate. BMC Medical Education 20:475 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02393-x
  62. Kretchy IA, Boima V, Agyabeng K, Koduah A, Appiah B (2020). Psycho-behavioural factors associated with medication adherence among male out-patients with hypertension in a Ghanaian hospital. PLoS ONE, 15(1):e0227874. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227874
  63. Koduah A, Sekyi-Brown R, Kretchy IA (2020). The evolution of pharmacy practice regulation in Ghana, 1892 - 2013. Pharmaceutical Historian, 50(4): 97-108.
  64. Kretchy IA, Koduah A, Ohene-Agyei T, Boima V, Appiah B (2020). The association between diabetes-related distress and medication adherence in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Diabetes Research, ID 4760624, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4760624
  65. Anakwa NO, Teye-Kwadjo E, Kretchy IA (2020). Effect of HIV-Related Stigma and HIV Related Stress on HIV Disclosure Concerns: A Study of HIV-Positive Persons on Antiretroviral Therapy at Two Urban Hospitals in Ghana. Applied Research in Quality of Life 2020: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-020-09813-6
  66. Asiedu NY, Kretchy IA, Asampong E (2020). Psycho-behavioral factors associated with neurocognitive performance among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Accra, Ghana. African Health Sciences 20(2): 587-596. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i2.6.
  67. Menyanu E, Baatiema L, Charlton K, Wilson M, De-Graft Aikins A, Russell J, Members of the NCDs Support Center for Africa (Sarfo Osei D, Kyeremeh K, Adanu R, Appiah Opong R, Okyerefo M, Aryeetey R, Arhinful D, Amewu RK, Kretchy IA, Amoah LE, Awuah RB) (2020). Towards population salt reduction to control high blood pressure in Ghana: A policy direction. Current Developments in Nutrition, 4(3). https://academic.oup.com/cdn
  68. Appiah B, Yoshikawac A, Asamoah-Akuoko L, Anumb DA, Kretchy IA, Samman E, Goulart A, Nwokike J, Dodoo ANO, Darko DM, Rene A (2019). Consumer reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions: modelling the acceptance of mobile phone caller tunes to raise awareness. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research 11(1): 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1111/jphs.12330
  69. Appiah B, Anubhuti P, Burdine JN, Asamoah-Akuoko L, Anum DA, Kretchy IA, Sabblah G, Dodoo ANO, McKyer L (2019). Factors that influence the intention to use mobile phone caller tunes for patient reporting of adverse drug reactions: a qualitative study. Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety 10:204209861987119. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042098619871190
  70. Conney CS, Kretchy IA, Asiedu-Danso M, Allotey-Babington GL (2019). Complementary and alternative medicine use for primary dysmenorrhea among Senior High School students in the Western Region of Ghana. Obstetrics and Gynecology International. vol. 2019, Article ID 8059471, 8 pages. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8059471.
  71. Kretchy IA, Acheampong F, Laryea J, Osafo J, Asampong E, Dickson E (2019).  Personality Traits, Clinical Characteristics, and Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Hypertension in a Primary Hospital in Ghana. International Journal of Hypertension, vol. 2019, Article ID 7489875, 9 pages. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7489875.
  72. Intiful FD, Oddam GE, Kretchy IA, Quampah J (2019). Exploring the relationship between the big five personality characteristics and dietary habits among students in a Ghanaian University. BMC Psychology. 7:10 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-019-0286-z
  73. Kretchy IA, Osafo J, Agyemang SA, Appiah B, Nonvignon J (2018). Psychological burden and caregiver-reported non-adherence to psychotropic medications among patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research. 1;259:289-94. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.
  74. Odue, Osafo J, Goldmann E, Parikh NS, Nonvignon J, Kretchy IA (2018). The Experiences of Providing Caregiving for Patients with Schizophrenia in the Ghanaian Context. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 32(6):815-822. doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2018.06.005.
  75. Ashong S, Kretchy IA, Afrane B, deGraft Aikins A (2018). Patterns of Prescription of Psychotropic Medications and Their Adherence among Patients with Schizophrenia in Two Psychiatric Hospitals in Accra, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Psychiatry Journal,  Article ID 9850594, 10 pages, 2018. doi:10.1155/2018/9850594.
  76. Debrah AB, Buabeng KO, Donnir G, Kretchy IA (2018). A caregiver perspective of complementary and alternative medicine use among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. International Journal of Mental Health 47:4. 298-310. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2018.1546097
  77. Appiah B, Burdine JN, Aftab A, Asamoah-Akuoko L, Anum DA, Kretchy IA, Samman EW, Appiah PB, Bates I (2018). Determinants of Intention to Use Mobile Phone Caller Tunes to Promote Voluntary Blood Donation: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth. 6(5). doi: 10.2196/mhealth.9752.
  78. Opoku-Boateng NY, Kretchy IA, Aryeetey GC, Dwomoh D, Decker S, Agyei Agyemang S, Tozan Y, Aikins M, Nonvignon J (2017). Economic cost and quality of life of family caregivers of schizophrenic patients attending psychiatric hospitals in Ghana. BMC Health Services Research, 17(Suppl2):697. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2642-0.
  79. Opoku Acheampong A, Kretchy IA, Acheampong F, Afrane BA, Ashong S, Tamakloe B, Nyarko AK (2017). Perceived stress and quality of life of pharmacy students in University of Ghana. BMC Research Notes, 10:115 DOI 10.1186/s13104-017-2439-6.
  80. Oppong Bekoe E, Kretchy IA, Sarkodie JA, Okraku A, Sasu C, Adjei D, Twumasi M (2017). Ethnomedicinal Survey of Plants Used for the Management of Hypertension Sold in the Makola Market, Accra, Ghana.      European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 19(3): 1-9, 2017; Article no. EJMP.32342 ISSN: 2231-0894, NLM ID: 101583475. www.sciencedomain.org/abstract/19425.
  81. Amoateng P, Adjei S, Osei-Safo D, Kukuia KK, Kretchy IA, Sarkodie JA, N’Guessan BB (2017). Analgesic effects of a hydro-ethanolic whole plant extract of Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain in rats. BMC research notes. 10(1):1-7.
  82. Oppong S, Kretchy IA, Imbeah E, Afrane B (2016).  Managing mental illness in Ghana: the state of commonly prescribed psychotropic medicines. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 10:28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13033-016-0061-y.
  83. Kretchy IA, Okyere HA, Osafo J, Afrane B, Sarkodie J, Debrah P (2016). Perceptions of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine among conventional healthcare practitioners in Accra, Ghana: Implications for integrative healthcare. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 14(5): 380–388.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-4964(16)60273-X.  
  84. Debrah P, Nettey H, Miltersen KK, Ayeh-Kumi P, Brock B, Sarkodie J, Kretchy IA, Owusu-Danso P, Adjei S, Petersen E, Hardlei TF (2016). Artemether–Lumefantrine Concentrations in Tablets and Powders from Ghana Measured by a New High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 95(1), 158–163 doi:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0868.
  85. Kretchy IA, Owusu-Daaku F, Danquah S, Asampong E (2015). A psychosocial perspective of medication side effects, experiences, coping approaches and implications for adherence in hypertension management. Clinical Hypertension, 21:19.
  86. Kretchy IA, Sarkodie JA, Afrane BA, Debrah P, Amoateng P, N‟guessan BB, Ninson E (2015). Hypertension management: Perspectives of complementary and alternative medicine practitioners. Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences, 4(1): 17-23.
  87. Bruce SP, Acheampong F, Kretchy IA (2015). Adherence to oral anti-diabetic drugs among patients attending a Ghanaian teaching hospital. Pharmacy Practice, 13(1):533.
  88. Kretchy IA, Owusu-Daaku F, Danquah S (2015). The experience of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among Ghanaian patients with hypertension: results of a qualitative study. Journal of International Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(4): 121-129.
  89. N’guessan BB, Gnangoran BN, Sarkodie JA, Dosso K, Kretchy IA, Amoateng P, Asiedu-Gyekye IJ, Owusu DO, Nyarko A, Yapo AP (2015). Alternative to Conventional Diabetic Management: The Antihyperglycaemic potential of an Ethyl Acetate Fraction Extract of Holarrhena floribunda. European Journal of Medicinal Plants 8(4): 175-189.
  90. Sarkodie JA, Squire SA, Oppong Bekoe E, Kretchy IA….Nyarko AK (2015). The antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Ehretia Cymosa. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 4: 3
  91. Kretchy IA, Owusu-Daaku F, Danquah S (2014). Mental health in hypertension: assessing symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress on anti-hypertensive medication adherence. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 8:25. Doi: 10.1186/1752-4458-8-25.
  92. Kretchy IA, Owusu-Daaku FT, Danquah S (2014). Locus of control and anti-hypertensive medication adherence in Ghana. Pan African Medical Journal, 17(Supp 1):13. https://doi.org/10.11694/pamj.supp.2014.17.1.3433.eCollection2014
  93. Kretchy IA, Owusu-Daaku F, Danquah S (2014). Patterns and determinants of the use of complementary and alternative medicine: a cross-sectional study of hypertensive patients in Ghana. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 14:44. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24495363.
  94. Kretchy IA, Owusu-Daaku F, Danquah S (2013). Spiritual and religious beliefs: do they matter in the medication adherence behaviour of hypertensive patients? BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 7:15. doi: 10.1186/1751-0759-7-15